Sorry, you need to enable JavaScript to visit this website.

Hematochemical and physiological parameters in standardbred trotters undergoing similar exercise programs on different surfaces: Beach versus track

TitoloHematochemical and physiological parameters in standardbred trotters undergoing similar exercise programs on different surfaces: Beach versus track
Tipo di pubblicazioneArticolo su Rivista peer-reviewed
Anno di Pubblicazione2008
AutoriTateo, A., Siniscalchi M., Padalino B., Dimatteo Salvatore, Centoducati P., and Quaranta A.
RivistaIppologia
Volume19
Paginazione21 - 25
Data di pubblicazione2008
ISBN Number11205776 (ISSN)
Parole chiaveAnimalia, Beach, Blood parameters, Elagatis, Equidae, Standardbred trotters, Track, Training
Abstract

In Italy, training is often conducted on the beach, but this kind of exercise is not well studied. The running economy of human runners on soft dry beach sand, grass or firm surface is well known in Sport Medicine; indeed little is known about horse trained on different surfaces. We have made a primary study on a comparison of several clinical and physiological variables in stan-dardbred trotters undergoing similar exercise programs on different surfaces (sand vs track). We tested 2 groups (A and B) of trotting horses (total n = 20) aged between 3 and 4 years. Horses in Group A were trained at the sea side and Group B at the racetrack (280 m a.m.s.l.). In both groups, training consisted of 40 minutes of trotting at a speed of 4-5 m/s. All subjects were evaluated three times at 4 check points: at rest, immediately after the training session, and 1 and 2 hours post-training. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) and rectal temperature (RT) were measured at every check point, and blood was sampled for measurement of some variables: hematocrit, plasma concentrations of total protein, glucose, non-estherified fatty acids (NEFA), sodium (Na +), potassium (K+), chloride (C+), aspartate amino transferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), blood lactate (LA) and cortisol. Results show that exercise on wet sand is more intense than on track, because the friction is greater. The value of hematocrit, K+, cortisol, HR, RR and RT are higher in A than in B after exercise. No recording of blood lactate accumulation in both exercises shows that they are aerobic. Both exercises don’t fatigue the animals because all parameters return to basal values one hour after exercise. Rest values of group A show lower concentration of Na+, AST, LDH, RR than in B group; but Na+ concentration is at the lower limits of normal values, probably correlated with a major sweat loss.

Note

Cited By :3Export Date: 17 July 2015Correspondence Address: Tateo, A.; Dipartimento di Sanità e Benessere Animate, Università di BanItalyReferences: Bayly, W.M., (2005) Interpreting haematology and clinical chemistry test results from equine athletes. Proc. XI SIVE Congr, 1, pp. 140-142. , Pisa, Italy;Bonifazi, M., Bosco, C., Colli, R., Lodi, L., Lupo, C., Massai, L., Muscettola, M., Glucocorticoid receptors in human peripheral blood mononu-clear cells in relation to explosive performance in elite handball players (2001) Life Sci, 69, pp. 961-968; Eades, S.C., Bounous, D.I., (1997) Laboratory profiles of equine diseases, p. 304. , Ed. Mosby, St. Louis. P; Evans, D.L., (2000) Training and fitness in athletic horses, p. 70. , Ed. Rural Industries Research & Development Corporation, Sydney. P; Gianoli, L., (1978) II trottatore, p. 749. , Ed. Longanesi, Milano. P; Harris, P., Snow, D.H., Plasma potassium and lactate concentration in thoroughbred horses during exercise of varying intensity (1992) Equine Vet. J, 24, pp. 220-225; Hinchcliff, K.W., Kaneps, A.J., Geor, R.J., Bayly, W., (2004) Equine sports medicine and surgery, p. 1125. , Saunders Co, Philadelphia. P; Hodgson, D.R., Rose, R.J., Dimauro, J., Allen, J.R., Effect of a sub-maximal treadmill training programme on histochemical properties, enzyme activities and glycogen utilization of skeletal muscle in the horse (1985) Equine Vet J, 17, pp. 300-305; Hodgson, D.R., Rose, R.J., (1994) The Athletic Horse, p. 497. , Ed. WB Saunders Co, Philadelphia. P; (1990) L’alimentation des chevaux, p. 232. , INRA (, Martin-Rosset W. Ed, Insti-tut National de la Recherche Agronomique INRA, Paris. P; Karlström, K., Essén-Gustavsson, B., Lindholm, A., Persson, S.G.B., Fibre Type distribution, capillarisation and enzymatic profile of loco-motor and nonlocomotor muscles of horses and steers (1994) Ada Anatomical, 51, pp. 97-106; Lejeune, T.M., Willems, P.A., Heglund, N.C., Mechanics and energetics of human locomotion on sand (1998) J. Exp. Biol, 201, pp. 2071-2080; Lindinger, M., Grudzien, S.P., Exercise-induced changes in plasma composition increase erythrocyte Na+, K+-ATPase, but not Na+-K +-2Cl-cotransporter, activity to stimulate net and unidirectional K+ transport in humans (2003) J. Physiol, 553, pp. 987-997; Marlin D, Nankervis K (2002) Equine Exercise Physiology. Ed. Backwell Science, London. P .296McCutcheon, L.J., Geor, R.J., Ecker, G.L., Hare, M.J., Lindinger, M., Sweating rate and sweat composition during exercise and recovery in ambient heat and humidity (1995) Equine Vet. J. Suppl, 20, pp. 153-157; McCutcheon, L.J., Geor, R.J., Sweat fluid and ion losses in horses during training and competition in cool vs hot ambient conditions: Implications for ion supplementation (1996) Equine Vet. J. Suppl, 22, pp. 54-62; McKeever, K.H., Hinchcliff, K.W., Reed, S.M., Robertson, J.T., Role of decreased plasma volume in hematocrit alterations during incremental treadmill exercise in horses (1993) Am. J. Physiol, 265, pp. 404-408; Miraglia, N., Gagliardi, D., Polidori, M., Berbero, D., (1998) Condizione cor-porea nel cavallo atleta, ODV 11, pp. 59-65; Padalino B, Frate A., Casamassima D, Colella GE, De Palo P, Quaranta A (2005): Quadro energetico ed ossidativo in cavalli trottatori sottoposti a diversa attività dinamica. Atti 7° Convegno S.I.D.I., 1, 248-254Pagan, J.D., Problems in equine nutrition (2004) Ippologia, 4, pp. 5-22; Pinnington, H.C., Dawson, B., The energy cost of running on grass compared to soft dry beach sand (2001) J. Sci. Med. Sport, 4, pp. 416-430; Quaranta, A., Padalino, B., Siniscalchi, M., Tateo, A., Frate, A., De Palo, P., Cen-toducati, P., Effect of different types of training on skeletal muscle enzymes and electrolytes (2005) Proc. XIX Int. Congr. ALPA, 400, pp. 615-617; Quaranta A, Tateo A, Siniscalchi M, Padalino B, lacoviello R, Centodu-cati P (2006) Influenza di diversi tipi di allenamento su cortisolo ema-tico ed emocromo in cavalli trottatori. Ippologia, 1, 5-10Roneus, N., Essen-Gustavsson, B., Johnston, C., Drevemo, S., Persson, S., Lactate response to maximal exercise on the track: Relation to muscle characteristics and kinematic variables (1995) Equine Vet. J, 18, pp. 191-194; SAS (1990) SAS user’s guide. Release 8.1 SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC, USASerrano, M.G., Evans, D.L., Hodgson, J.L., Heart rate and blood lactate responses during exercise in preparation for eventing competition (2002) Equine Vet. J, 34, pp. 135-139; Soule, R.G., Goldman, R.F., Terrain coefficients for energy cost prediction (1972) J. Appl. Physiol, 32, pp. 706-708; Swenson, M.J., Reece, W.O., (2002) Dukes’ Physiology of domestic animals, p. 1008. , Ed. Cornell University. P; Valberg, S., Glycogen depletion patterns in the muscle of standardbred trotters after exercise of varying intensity and duration (1986) Equine Vet. J, 18, pp. 479-484; Zamparo, P., Perini, Orizio, C., Sacher, M., Ferretti, G., The energy cost of walking or running on sand (1992) Eur. J. Appl. Physiol, 65, pp. 183-187

URLhttp://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-68949163973&partnerID=40&md5=c555fe48b94543296401c5c9d8abd554
Citation Key5376